
Stigma plays a powerful and often overlooked role in shaping the experiences of survivors of gender-based violence (GBV). This annotated bibliography explores available evidence on how stigma impacts survivors and contributes to the persistence and normalization of GBV in emergency contexts. The first section presents research in terms of “levels”, or sites, where GBV-related stigma occurs, from GBV survivors’ own internalized stigma, to institutional stigma (particularly in relation to GBV service providers), to societal-level stigma that reflects and reinforces stigmatizing social norms. The bibliography then offers a section on frameworks and models for understanding and measuring stigma and concludes with a section on programmatic guidance on GBV-related stigma-reduction strategies.